Fig. 5

Validation on accuracy of 3Dmodel-CTA. a Actual surface of radial head was scanned with 3D measuring macroscope. b Best-fit plane of the articular rim (black square outline) of 3Dmodel-CTA (light blue) was aligned with the 3D surface profile obtained from surface scanning (dark blue). c The center of articular disc (white dot) was defined as the furthest point from the best-fit plane of the articular rim. The coronal diameter (red line) and sagittal diameter (yellow line) were measured across the center to assess the difference between 3Dmodel-CTA and 3D surface profile. 3Dmodel-CTA: 3D model generated from CT arthrography