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Table 2 Evaluation of the tympanic membrane, tube biodegradation, and complications

From: 3D printed ventilation tubes and their effect on biological models

 

Study specimen

Pre-operative

Post-operative

Number

Ear

Group

PLA insertion

Tympanic membrane

Tube degradation at 3 months

Tympanic membrane repair

Tympanic membrane

1

R

1

Yes

Retraction

Yes

Complete

Adhesive

1

L

1

Yes

Retraction

Yes

Complete

Adhesive

2

R

1

Yes

Normal

Yes

Complete

Normal

2

L

1

Yes

Normal

Yes

Complete

Adhesive

3

R

1

Yes

Retraction

Yes

Complete

Adhesive

3

L

2

No

Adhesive

N/A

N/A

Adhesive

4

R

2

No

Adhesive

N/A

N/A

Adhesive

4

L

2

No

Adhesive

N/A

N/A

Adhesive

5

R

2

No

Adhesive

N/A

N/A

Adhesive

5

L

2

No

Adhesive

N/A

N/A

Adhesive

  1. R: right; L: left; N/A: not applicable
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3D Printing in Medicine

ISSN: 2365-6271

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